Shock absorber



Jan. 13, 1931. M. E. CHANDLER SHOCK ABSORBER 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet. 1

Filed April 16 Jan. 13, 1931.

M. E. CHANDLER SHOCK ABSORBER Filed April 16 6 sheets-Sheet. 2

i IIII VA Jan. 413, 1931. M. E. CHANDLER SHOCK ABSORBER 6 Sheets-Sheet.3

Filed April 16, 1927 lddllllldllllfdlllld iiflillldinlllllvllnlll Jan.13, 1931. M. E. CHANDLER SHOCK ABSORBER Filed April 16 1927 6Sheets-Sheet, 4

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SHOCK ABSORBER Filed April 16, 192'! e Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 13, 1931.

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Patented Jan. 13, 1931 I STATE- PATEN -j OFFICE-f! IIILroN E. CHANDLER,oroHIoAeo, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR To s'rnoivxnnne nEsnAncI-IQ--;--CORPORATIN,1OF'CHICAGQILLINOIS,ACORPORATIONOEILLINOIS? sir 01:ABSORBER Application filed. A jin e;

My invention rel ate s jto shocli absorbers,

and more particularly to the proportional control type disclosed inVeitch Patent 910,974; In this 'typethe friction opposed to springrecoil, i.'"e.,' of the automobile springs, is throughout the range ofoperation, substantially proportional to spring defiec tion.[ ,This is"secured in the preferred embodiment of my. invention and incommon 10with'the aforesaid Veitch patent,'by the use of a stationarydrum mountedon' the frame of the vehicle. and a pull strap wrapped: pe-

ripherally about'the drum'to a variable extent in accordance/with thespring deflection by i 1 means of aspriiig take-up -mech'anismdisof acover plate closingthe open side of the drum. The connection between thespring inside the drum and pull strap isf n a'deby means of a pair ofarms,"one lying insidethe cover andthe drums and connected tothe activeend of the spring, and theiother lying outside the cover and connectedto. the end ofthe pull strap. ,These' two arms are connected together attheir hubs and have a hearing upon a common trunnion.

" the spring take-up mechanism and to subject said bearing to as littlewear orstress as possible. In the preferred form of my invention Iarrange these two arms directly in line with each other and" mounttheconnected hubs upon a: central stud or pin so that the bearing'will besubjected to minimum twisting action. In this manner the outer arm whichsecures a support or bearing upon the outside periphery of thedrum tendsto guide orsup port the inner arm with minimum stress and wear upon thebearing. j

It, is desirable to providemeans for ad- 7 i "It is desirable to haveafirmv bearingfor of the samei' justing the tension of the spring and inthe preferred form-{of my invention 1, provide a V 19 27 Serial m.ranges. I j 7 sleeve between pin and the hubsand to this'sleevetheanchorencl of the springeishub of the outer-arm an'd'isprovided with asuitable adjusting head and lock to facilitate turning-of the sleevetoaclj ust the tension'of attached. The sleeveextendsjout beyondthethespringan'd locking the sleeve to the pin) .To'secure maximum spaceefficiency the diamete'r oft-he drum should be made aslarge aspossibleancl with minimum diameter of; the outer case. At the samejtimeit-is de sirable to secure the full effect-10f the entire" friction bandand strap, i. el,' to permit them;

throughout their full working lengthto float in, and out radially asfreely as possible. {In the preferred embodiment I provide a termi-. nalclip onthe'friction band which holds the ends of the band together" andto the outer arm'perm'itting at the sametime a free radial floatingaction of the band, The strap is provided with a metal hook which hooksit to the arm and to the terminal clip on the friction band;

'. The parts throughoutnre designed 'f o' r right J or left assembly sothat an'i inimum number of manufactured parts and a mi'ni-v 5 mumnumber'of pieces of stock are required.

W'hen the device is assembledthe spring is put under the proper tensionand the parts are then jlocked'by the insertion of a; pin

which extendsthrough ahole in the cover or. shell. After the device isappliedto an au'.

tomohile and the strap is clamped to the axle;

the'pin is withdrawn andthe hole inth'e' cover s5 time as a loclrwasherfor the nut which holds is closed by a plate whiclrservesatthe' same thecover or case in place? Thereare numerous otherifeatures of novelty'which will be apparentfrom' thefollowing detailed description ment of myinvention.

' Now in order tojacquaint those skilled i in the" artlwith thenanne'rof constructing and operating a device embodying myinventiom. 9

I shall describe in connection with the accompanying of a specificembodi s Fig. 1 is a side elevational view offthe d ll;

drawings a-specific embodiment 1 vice of my invention applied to theframe,-

spring and axle of a vehicle; r

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the device of my invention, thecover being shown in section, this view being taken on the section line22 of Fig.5;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional View taken through the shock absorber on theline '3'''3 ofFig-(i;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken on the line 4l of Fig. 6;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken onthe line55 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 1s a vertical longitudinal SGClZlOTl' taken on the line 6 6 ofFig. 2; V

Fig. 7 1s a central cross-section taken on r- I- the line (I of Fig.2;

8 isva horizontal cross-sectiontaken on theline 88 showing the manner ofapplying the device to the frame of a vehicle; this section is taken onthe line 8 ,8-of Fig. 2

Fig. 9 is a section through the stud locking mechanism and the hubsofthe arms, this v view being taken onthe section 99 of erms v tion bandFig. 10 is affragmentary section similar to the View shown in Fig. 9 andillustrating the application of the locking pin to hold the spring undertension before the device is applied to the vehicle;

Fig. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional View showing a modlfied for-1n ofattachment betw'eenthe strap, the outer arm and the fric- ,Fig. 12 is adeveloped'viewof the attachment of the strap tothe-arm and band, thisView being taken on the line 12-12 of Fig. 2; f Fig. .13 is adevelopedsection on theline 13-13 of Fig. 2;

Flgqli: is aface view, ofone end. of the band;

; 15 end of the strap to the axle;

shows the clampifor clamping the Fig. 16 is across sectional viewof the.

same taken on the line 16-1-16, of Fig- 15';

F l7 -is a longitudinal sectioirthrough the-adjusting sleeve for theinner end of the Fig. 18 is a verticai'l section through the drum andbase plate showingthe stud or 7 pin in attached position;

Fig. 19 is an assembled view of the, cover and thearms for attaching ontheinside to the spring and on the outside to the strap and b and; I o IFig. 20 is a fragmentary sectional view" through the ends of the bandshowing a modified form of attachment for the strap; 7

Fig. 21 is a front elevation of the adjustable spring anchor sleeve; andFig. 22 is an elevation of a modified form of. inner arm. and springretainer. v

. is an end view of a modified'form V of spring anchor "sleeve;

. plate 6.

Fig. 24 is a longitudinal section of the same taken on the line 2 l2&;

Fig. 25 is a transverse section taken on the line 2525 of Fig. 2 1; p i

Fig. 26 is a front elevational View showing a form of the boot forclosing the opening through which the strap plays; Fig. 27 is a sideviewof the same taken .lfrom theright of Fig. 26; t Y

. Fig. 28 is a section taken on the line 28%28 strap by means of the Ubolt 6 and clamping Obviously, the strap may be se'- cured'to a suitableeye or pin which 'is'connected to the axle inany suitable manner. i Theshock'abso'rber of my invention comprises essentially'a drum which isformed of asta'mping, this drum 7 fcomprising the cylindricalportion8"(see Fig. 18 )'and the head or end wall 9. Theend wall 9 is secured toa base plate 10,'whic hbase plate is likewise formed of: a metalstamping. The

base plate 10 and the drum 7 aresecured'together by a stud 11, the innerend of which" is slabbed off and passed throughan oblong hole in the endWall 9 ofthe drum 7 and in ion the central part of the base plate 10,and there theejndiof thestudiis riveted over, as indi:

v ca'ted at 12, so as to join thepin or stud 11S firmly tot-he drum andto thebase plate. I The base'plate and drum arejfurt-her secured to- Igethe'r, preferably by 13-13 in Fig.'18.

"Thebas e plate 10 has apai'r' of oblong open? ings formed therethi'oughand the head or end wall 9 of thedrum has a pair of bosses ,spot-welding, as at ,7

pressed down and extendingthrough the openings in, the base plate 10,these bosses being hollow and being perforated to pass the shanks 15-15of attaching bolts 16 16. The heads of these 'bolts' are'formed withsquare or oblong heads 17- 17" (see Fig. 8)

sojthatthe drum and base plate, which constitute a frame, may be clampedto the vehicle frame 2 or to a; mounting plate for the same, or otherbracketif'desired.

The base plate 10 has a pair of hollow bosses 18-18 struck outwardly,the bottoms of thesebossesbeing in the same planeas the bottoms ofthebosses 141-1'as serving as supporting.surfacesagainst the ffr'arne 2 orother mounting to which the device may be secured. Obviously, insteadof' the bolts device is to be mounted on a' plate 'or bracket in thecourse of manufacture; G

V 'Ifhe base plate IO has a flange'l9 extending around approximatelythree-quarters of the circumference, the remainder of the circumferencebeing without the flange to provide anopening throughfwhich the strap 3plays. This flange 19 embraces the rim of'a c'up shaped cover member 20which encloses the working parts'of the device; The cover member 20has'an opening in 'register with that part of thebase plate whichlacks theflange, and the edges of the opening are 1 s curved back at the top 21and along the sides 2223 to prevent poss'ibleinjury to the edges of thestrap. The cover or shell 20 has a central holefwhich permits 'it to bepassed a over the studfll and another opening ates acent thecentralopening-for inserting the locking pin 26- which willbe describedlater.

7 1A retrieving spring 27 is mounted inside or the drum 7 and thisretrieving spring has its inner end formed in theshape of a hook 28, asshown in Fig; v3, said hool; extending into a slot 29 formed inthesleeve 30 of thesp'r ing;v

' anchor 31. ,This spring; anchor comprises as indicated at 34and'concentrated pressure,

as by means of alseries of fingers in a 'die is brought upon'themetal ofthe neck adjacent the corners of the hexagonal hole 'so 'asto force themetal firmly into the irregularities of the hole to key these twopartstogether.-

The hollow head32 comprisesa peripheral.

hexagonalflange 36 adapted to be embraced by a wrench and theweb'portion 37',Ywh ich, asabove explained, is joined to the neck ofthe-sleeve 30 This web 37'lias a series of openings 38 for theientryof'tlie locking pin 26.--" T-he spring, anchor 31'i's adapted to bemounted on the pin or stud l1 and rotated thereupon to adjust thetension of the spring 27 and locked to said stud by means offthe i 7 keymember 40 '(see Figs; 2, 8 and 9) which key is an oblong,rectangular'plate prefer ably offset in the central portion so that itwill be definitely pressed down against the web 37 of the hollow head-32 on spring 7 anchor 31.

Theouter end of the stud ll is slabbed'or milled off togive twoparallelsides, and the keymember 40 has anob'long opening there throughclosely embracing these parallel sides so as to prevent the rotationbetween; the key andthe stud. I Thehollow headmem ber 32lis'turned tothedesired extent to: tension thespring 27 and then the key member 40isslipped 'axially'over the splayed end 41 ofthestud 11' inside the fiangeof thehollow head 32 fitting said flange relatively closely T so as toprevent relative rotation between the l1ead 32 and the key' '40.- '-Thewidth ofthe,

hexagonal "side withv which it. "engages, and: .70

lrey40 is approximatelyequalto the internal inlength the key extendsbetween twoeparale tel sides ofopposedflanges; I

with a hook 42 whichis adapted to engage the lar hubj 46'of the outer Lshape'd arm 47. a A

connecting plate or ring-48 lies between the, hubs and 46, the hubs andthe ring or plate being connected togetheryfirst, by the rivets 49 and;next, by means of oilsets:. 50 50 punched in the'hub 45' and likeoffsets 5151 punched in the hub 46 extending'into holes orrec'essesf5252 formed in the plate48- (see Figs. 5 and 9)." f These projections'50 and 51- 'are preferably formed by partially-punching a slugout of thecorresponding nietaland they act aslreys to key the hubs andconnectingplate 48 together. a The rivets 49, in turn,

holdthesje parts rigidly in contact; The hubs The outer end of he.'s'pring27' is a. 375T" inwardly extending portlon 48 of the ilnnerL-shaped-arm 44, (see Fig. 19). The arm has a central hub 45 which isjoined to arsiini:

45,46 and theintervening'plate 48havereg: istering openingsformed-'therethrough-, andthe common opening formed thereby is lined with asleeve 53 of anti-friction material adapted to bear upon the cylindricalsurface of thesleeve 3O betweei'i'thefslot '29 and the hollow headmember 32; f The openedge of the drum-member 7 is rim '54 forrestraining the friction band 55 infits travel about the peripheryofgthe drum. ('[The open side'o'f'the drum member? is I05 provided witha closure fonhousing the spring 27 and itsconnected parts, s'aidihousing55 comprising a plate or end'portionbdand a cylindrical or barrelportion 57 which fits closely inside ofthecylindric'al or barrel portion8 ofthe drum-'member 'l' Theeylindrical portion 57 is providedwithextending lugs or ears 58*'58 whichare adapted to be passed providedwith a radiallyextending-flange or. o

through openings 760 60; formed in' the bot tom'wall 9 of the drum andin the base plate These ears or-lugs are then bent overto secnreithecover member 55 in place. fjThe'plate 55 has a'cen'tral'aperture whichembraces "the spacing plate 48 between thehubs 45 and 46 tolforiii asubstantiallytight joint thQIGWll'ih5 and fiber washers or'ring s 59 59which fit relatively closely against the I edge of the spacing plate 48andl'ie on opposite sides of the rim of the opening-inkplate 56; Bythismeans a relativelyvtight fit may be maintained between the stationaryplate 56 V and. the rotating system comprising. the i L-shaped armsz44and 47'. In the process of V v -m anufacture the L-sha pedlarms withtheir-- spacing plate 48 between them are.assert loled ,v

as shown in Fig. 19, in a sub-assembly. The

spring anchor 31 with its hollo'w head is a separate sub-assembly and 1it is projected through the anti-friction liner 53 with a fiber washer61 interposed, this fiber-washer preventing friction between the-hollowhead member 32 and the outside part of the arm assembly, namely, the hub46. Asimilar fiber plate 62 lies between the inner hub and the spring27. This disc 62 has a notch 63 at one part of the periphery to receivethe arm 43 which isattached to the outer end of the spring 27; a

A similar fiber plate 64: lies on the opposite side of the springbetween thespringi 27 and the bottom wall 13 of the drum member 7 Thespring thus lies between two fiber plates 7 and isenclosed in a wateranddust proof casing whichmay be ifilled, or partially filled, with'alubricant. r 4

The'outer L-shaped arm 47 has alateral extension 65vwhich is connectedto the friction band 55 and to the pull strap 3 bya suitableconnection'such as shown in'Fig.3. The friction band 55 has rivetedthereto at one end the sheet metalai'ichor clip 66' by means ofi-rivets67 The band 55 has graphite in sert68 which serves a dual purpose ofpro-' ear 69 and viding a predetermined degree of lubrication tomaintain the frlction'substantially constant under changes oftemperature and wear, and

.also of preventing noise, such as squeaking or grunting, which wouldotherwise be produced by the frictional contact of the bandandthevdrum7;

r The anchor clip 66 has an ear 69 struck up from one edge'of theopening 7 0,-and this ear lies in advance of the arm portion and, due ato the tensionofthe spring 27, the arm 65'is always held against the ear69. The opposite the anchorclip. Obviously,.the end ofthe band 55 mightbe loosely coupled inany other desired manner to prevent the band from,

leaving the drum 7; butthe means which I have shown is simple andpermits the band 55, as it wears, to shrink and yet remain substantiallyin contact with the drum 7.

Preferably, the hook portion 73 of the hook clip 74' is curved, as shownat 75 in F g. 12, so as to centralize the contact and provide relativelyfree adjustment of the hook to the thereby'to the extension 65 of thearm-47. 1 V

' tireperiphery of the friction By this construction, substantially theem- I hand 55 is availthrough the opening 70;

able to be applied to the surface of the cylindrical drum portion 8 toproducea va 'riable friction.'inaccordance with the d isplacement of thevehicle spring 5.

The mode of attachment of the retrieving spring to the friction band 55.and to the pull strap 3 may be varied, and I have shown a modified formofthe same in Fig. 11, in,

which the hook clip 7401mthefnose' 73:

turned under the lug or ear 69 and. extends into a recess 7 6 formed inthe end of the band 55, the attached end of the band beingextendedbeyond the overlying portion 65 of the outer arm and'riveted asindicated at 7 7 and 7 8 to the anchor clip 66. The free end of the band55 has a recess 79 into which there is projected an ear 80 struck downfrom the body of the anchor clip'66. ,By this mode of attachment, theradial thicknessrof the overlying end of the strap 3 and the frictionband 55 is reduced because it is not.

necessary tointerpose the thickness of the anchor "clip 66 between theseparts incthis.

modification. It is highly desirable'to keep this radial thickness at aminimum atthls point, since it determines the outerdiameter of theactive parts and, hence, the actual outer diameter of the device as awhole.

r In Fig. 20 I have shown anothermodifica tion in which the anchor clip66a has the central portion thereof cut out as indicated at 81, and amodified hook clip. 82narrow enough 'to lie-within the recess 81'liesunder the arm 65 and has a hook 83 engaging the front edge of said arm65. V g

The free end of the friction band 55a is held under the outer endoftheanchor clip 66a in the same manner asdescribed; in the previousembodiment of -Eig. 11. Theedges of the opening 81 on'each side of thehook 83 hook over-the arm 65, in turnwith the hook 83, so that theanchor clip 66a and the hook 82 are connected to the "arm 65 inparallel. Q 1 p e v I If desired, for convenience in. assembling andmanufacture, the inner arm member 44:

may be provided with projecting fingerssuch as 43 spaced 120 degreesapart so as to-hold the spring from expansion during assembly. Wherethis construction is employed, the fiber plate .62 is slotted to receivethe fingers 43 (see Fig.22), as it is shown slotted at 63 in Fig. 7,toreceivethe finger 43. I

The hub 46 of the outer arm member 47 has two slots'or openings 85 and86 formed therein and the spacing plate48, which lies between the hubs45. and 46, has two pairs of openings 87-87 and 8888 formed therein, andso disposed with'respect to the recesses '52 and the holes for therivets 49 -that no mat;

tor on which side the plateAES isturned, one 1 of the openings 87 willlie in register with the opening 85in the hub 46, and another of theopenings 88 will lie in register with the opening86 in the hub 4 6.These two slots v v the cover 20 and the cap upon the lock washer.

:85 and 86 with the recesses below them are The vparts arev normally, inthe position ,soplaced that when thelever system is in Y light loadingofthe vehicle, the locking pin 7. anchor member 31 andthrougha slot 89 in,the fiber plate 61 into :one'or the otherrof said 26 heretoforementioned is, adapted to area w v vJect through one of the openings 38 nthe hollow head member32 of the malnlspring recesses 85 -86, dependingupon whether the device isassembled for right or left assembly; Duringassembly, the lever system is held. stationary m a suitable fitting, andvthe sprmg anchor member is turned by means of a head until the propertension of the spring has been attained, whereupon the locking pin 26 ris inserted through the opening-38 in the head member and extended intothe recess formed by the slots 85 oi 86 and their under- 51 slipped overthe end of the stud 11, and the special lock washer 90 isthen laid overv This lock washer has suitable spring fingers extending up in contactwith the cap nut 91, as-shown at 94; in Figsb and-Land it has also anextending ear 92 with a rounded depression 93 therein adapted, after thelocking pin a 26 has been removed from the opening 25 in the covermember 20, to be turned into posi- ,tion where the depression 93dropsinto the opening and be then held in place and atkthe Tsame timelock the cap nut 91 against removal.

The operation of the device thus far de scribed is as follows frameeither by bolting, as indicated in Fig.

.8, or by the attachment thereto thrOughthe intermediary of a bracketplate or the like.

The cover member 20 may be freely removed; or applied without disturbingthe locking pin 26. The strapQwhich may be shipped separately or whichmaybe assembled in place.

with the cover 20 611 the device, is attachedto' the axle or the bracketor eye whichis' con-' nected thereto'and clamped by means of the uponthe web 37 of thehollow head member 32 clamping the bottom of the sleeve30 "against the fiber plate 6-1 and against the end ywall 9 ofthe drum;member 7"and the, base plate 10 to which the stud 1 1 is secured,

lying slots or recesses 87 or 88. Since,-1thereby, both endsof'thespring are locked to v gethe r, the'springwill not uncoil. 'Thekcy;member 10 is then applied, the cover member nut 91 screwed down 7 jshown in Figs. 1 and 2 when the vehicle is in the position indicated inFigs-1,2 and 3 for normal position. If, by aroadirregularity the springbis compressed, its recoil tends to throw the frame 2-upwardly. Theextent of the periphery of the dru1n by, .the take-up" mechanism,sothat, upon the beginning of-re- 1 coil movement, the amount ,offriction,which i is opposed to recoil is suitably proportioned to the force:which is acting. to produce recoil.

The amount of. friction, is, so proportioned that the i'ecoil of thespringe is-permitted at a rate as'ra-pidas is consistent with thecomfort of the occupants of the vehicle.

deflection of the main spring5corresponds to The amount Of'I'GSlStaIICQwhich is ojiiered to dropping of the axle 4, as for example, due

a to a hole in the roadway, is not very great, but it is presentinsomedegree, andthis may be regulated by the initial position ofthe arm47. lThepressureo-fthe strap Scomes. upon the band '55: to thefextent'towhich the strap is wrapped upon the drum, the band intervene ing.Since theband and strap are borne-on the exterior surface of the drum,and held be-' tweenthe flange stand the back plate 10 and there issufiicientspace to permit these part to move'radially where they areattached to V the lever system, no substantial stress comes uponthelever system otherthan the transmission of the spring pressure. It willbe noted that the two arms 44' and 47 are in alignment witheach other onthe same side of the trunnion which .Jisformed onthe stud 111, andtherefore the bearing on said-trunnion has a minimum stress thereupon.)with theresultv that very little wear is encounteredon v v 4 7 thistrunnion, and thetrunnion and the joint The device, as assembled withthe spring ,under suitable tension, ls'clamped to thewhich is formedwith the cover 56, remains face on the drum to vary the friction.

By loosely holding-the frictionband 55am permitting the strap 3 to playdirectly upon the same, thecha-nge in frictiOn due to the proportionaldegree of wrappmg, 1s a maximum. I am familiar with devicesinthe priorartin' which a similarflfrlctlon band has been held in'place by a springbacking, and 'I find that, due to such spring applying thevfriction tothe drum, there is a constant drag which must be compensated for anincreased tension in the retnevmg spring. I Thls tenslon of theretrieving spring opposes thennain spring 5 and is undesirable-since itcorresponds to a constant upward pull on the axle l -towards the frame2, preyentingthe free descentof the axle when the wheel drops into ahole and making the; device more stiff and less responsive totheVariations in position.

If it is desired to change the spring tensio nall tha E required is toloosen the cap i and a cover plate for the dr'um disposed between saidarmsand enclosing the sprin 2.. In} combination, a drum, a wrapped to avariable degree about the periphery of the drum, a take-up spring Withinthe drum, a fixed central stud in the drum,

an inner arm'conn'ected to the spring, an out er arm c'onnectedto thestrap, said arms hav- "ing' hubs connected together and bearing disposedbetween said arms and enclosing the upon the pin, and a cover plate forthe drum spring. Q 3. In combination, a drum, a strap wrapped to avariable degree about the periphery of the drum, a take-up spring Withinthe drum, an inner arm connected to the spring, an outer .arm connectedto'the strap @both lying onthe outside of the spring, a

cover plate for the drum lyingbetween said arms, a movable spring anchorhaving means exterior to the cover plate for adjusting the tension ofsaid spring.

l. In combination, a drum, a strap -wrapped to a variable degree aboutthe periph'er'y of the drum, a take-up spring Within the drum, a studmounted centrally of the drum, an inner arm connected to the spring, anouter arm connected to said strap, said arms having hubs connectedtogether, a cover plate lying between said arms, said stud extending outthrough said hubs.

' 5. In combination, a drum having a cover therefor forming a closedhousing, a spring disposedwithin and enclosed by said housing, an innerarinconnected to the end of the a spring, a strap adapted to bewrappedto a variable extent about the periphery of said I drum, anouterarin connected to said strap,

'Y '6. In combinatioina drum position of said arms for adjustin saidarms at their pivot ends being connected together, and a movable springanchor for 'the inner end of the spring, said anchor having meansexternal of the housing for adjusting the tension of the spring. 7

hav ng a cover cooperating therewith and forming a closed I springhousing, a take-up spring Within the housing, an inner arm connected tothe active end'of tlie spring, a strap adapted to be wrapped about theperiphery of the drum, an outer arm connected to the strap, said arms attheir pivot ends being rigidly connected together and lying insubstantially the same radial plane, and means independent of the g thetension of the anchor end of saidspring.

7. In combination, a drum havingacover forming therewith a closedspringhousing, a

take-up spring in said housing, an arm within the housing connected totheouter end of the spring, a strap adapted to be Wrapped to a variableextent about said drum, an arm external of the housin connected to'thestra'o. b l I 7 said arms being Jermanently and rigidly interconnected,a rotatable member extending into the drum and forming an adjustablestrap.

springanchor torthe inner end efthe spring.

8.'.In combination, a base plate havingla plurality. of apertures, adrum having ahead, said head having depressions extending through saidapertures,said depressions having apertures, mounting pins having shanksextending through the apertures in the depressions and having headslyiiig'in said depressi'ons', and a pin niountedicentrally of said drumand securing said drum and plate together. 5

9. In combination, a base platehaving a plurality of apertures, a drumhaving-a head, said a head: having depressions extending through saidapertures,said depressions having apertures, mounting pins havingshanksextending through the apertures in the depressions and having headslyingin said depressions, and a pin mounted centrally of' said drumaiidise'curing'said drum and plate; together, said plate havingindependent proiections, the bases of which arcadaptedto lie flush withthe bases of the projections on head.

10..In combination, a base plate having a plurality of apertures, a drumhaving a head, said head li ing depressions extending through said aertures, said depressions hav-' ing apertures, mounting, pins havingshanks extending through the apertures iii the depressions and hav ngheads lying in said depressions, an'd" a pin mounted centrally of 12.Incombi'natioma drummember having an'axial stud, a springdispo'sed inthe drum, a strap adapted toflbewrapped to variable extent on said drum,lever means connecting said spring to said'strap, a sleeve dis Jlo'sejdon said stud and formin a s rin anchor for said'spring, said lever meanshaving a bearing upon said sleeve, a head-upon said sleeve, a lteymember locked against ro-' tation but axially adjustable on said studand adapted. to grip said head, and a nut threaded up on said studandholding said key memher in engagement Wi h said head;

13. In combination, a drum member having a central, stud, a. sleeve onsa d stud, a

spring anchored to said sleeve, strap wrapped about said drum to avariable extent by said spring, said sleeve having a polygonal head, theend of the stud having its sides ,slab'bed off, a key member comprisinga bar having an oblong aperture for embracing the, end of the stud andadapted to engage the polygonalsides of said head to-hold the sameagainst turning.

1 spring anchor comprising a sleeve, having a slot in its. outercylindrical surface to be engaged by the anchor end of a spiral 7spring, fianged'plate secured-to the end o'fsaid sleeve, said flangebeing polygonal and form ng a hollow polygonal cylinder having internalshoulders adapted to be engaged-by an oblong key member.

15. In combination, drum member having a central stud, a sleeve on saidstud, said sleeve having a slot ad acent, its inner end for receivingthe anchor end of a spiral sprin a spring anchored in said slot, a strapadapted to be Wrapped about said drum to a variable extent by-saidspring, a flanged plate secured to the outer end of said sleeve, saidfian e being 01 'ona-l the end of the stud D b 7 v *ing a central stud,a sleeve on said stud, said :sleeve having a slot adjacent its inner endfor receiving the anchor end ot a spiral spring, a spring anchored insaid slot, a strap adapted to be Wrapped about said drum to a variableextent by said spring, a flanged plate secured to the outer end of saidsleeve, saidflange being polygonal, the end of the stud being slabbedoil, a key member comprising a bar having an oblong aperture embracingthe slabbed end of said stud, and having its ends engaging the polygonalflange, a cover having an opening to receive said stud and engaging saidkey member and means mounted in the end of the stud to hold the cover inplace.

17. In combination, a base plate having a flange, a drum having a headlying against said plate, a stud securing said plate and drum together,a strap wrapped to a variable extent about said'drum, a spring withinthe drum and having its outer end connected to said strap, a sleeve onsaid stud having a slot forming an anchor for the-inner end of the-spring, a polygonal head for-said sleeve, the

end of the stud being threaded and having its sides slabbed oil, a keyplate having an oblong aperture to receive the end otthe stud, saidplate being adapted to engage the polyg onal sides of said head toprevent turning of.

the same, a cup-shaped cover member having its rim cooperating with saidflange and having a hole in its bottom part to fit over the stud, and anut threaded onto the endof the stud to hold the cover memberand the keyplate in place. 7 V

, 18. In combination, a base plate, a drum havinga head lying againstsaid plate, a Stud to the inner end of said spring, a spring cover,

member-closing the open side of said drum, an inner arm connected to theactive end of said spring, an outer arm connected to said strap, saidspring cover lying between said arms, said arms having-hubs connectedto-.

gether and bearing upon said sleeve, said sleeve having anexternal headof polygonal form, the end of the stud projecting beyond said head andbeing slabbed off. and threaded,

a key member non-rotatably mounted on saidslabbed end of the stud andengaging said polygonal head to keep the same from turning, acup-shapedcover member extending.

to said base, plate and having an aperture for receiving the end of saidstud and a nut 5 for holding said cover member and key memher in place.I

19. In a device oi the class described, the

combination of acup-shaped spring housing having an aperture in thebottom thereof, a ,90

stud projecting loosely through said aperture, an inner arm having a hublarger than said aperture, an outer arm. having a hub larger thansaidaperture, aplate substantially fitting said aperture and lyingbetween:

and secured to said hubs, and a bearing sleeve for themuponsa id stud.

20. In combination, avcup-shaped .sprlng for" said hubs and plate toprovide a bearing housing having an aperture through the bot -,100

tom thereof, an inner; L-shaped' arm having a hub, an outer L-shaped armhaving a like hub, a circular plate lying between said hubs and fillingsaid aperture, said hubs and said intervening plate having meansconnecting them together and having a common central aperture for abearing and a bearing in said aperture. 1 I v H V a i 21. Incombination, a cup -shaped spring housing having an aperture through thebot -,110

tom thereof, an inner L-shaped arm having ahub, anouter L-shapedarnihaving a like hub, a circular plate lying between said hubs and fillingsaid aperture, said hubs and said intervening plate having meansconnecting portion thereof extending parallel to the axis 125 of thedrum and overlying the periphery of the drum, a friction band lyingunder said strap, a clip secured to oneend of said band and overlyingthe other end of said band, a

spring in the. drum and connectedto said 3 0 between said hubs andthebotw of a flanged mouth adapted to besecured to spring within thedrum, a central stud in the drum, an anchor sleeve on the stud se-'cured to the inner end of the spring, a pair of L-shaped arms, one lyinginside the drum and the other lying outsidethe drum, said arms havinghubs connected togetherand having a common bearing on said sleeve, andacover for the drum lying between said arms. V

24. In combination, a drum, a take-up spring within the drum, a frictionband on the drum, an arm connected to the spring and having a portionlying adjacent the band, an anchor clip on the band, said clip having alug extending in front of the adj acentportion of the arm, a pull straplying outside the band and a hook for the end of the band, said hookextending over said lug and said portion of the arm, said spring urgingsaid portion of the arm into contact with the lug, and said lug intocontact With the hook.

29.In combination, a drum member hav ing a :c'entral stud,ra sleeve onsaid stud, said sleeve having a slot adjacent its inner end forreceiving the anchor end of a spiral spring, a spring anchored in saidslot, a

strap adapted to be Wrapped aboutsaid drum to a variable extent by saidspring, a flanged plate secured to the outer ends of said sleeve, saidflange being polygonal, and a key member comprising a bar having itsends en gaging the polygonal flange and having an aperture fitting overthe'end of the stud, said end of the stud and'the apertured part of thebar having cooperating splined shoulders to permit relative longitudinalmotion but preventing relative rotary motion.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 2nd day ofApril,1927.

MILTON E. CHANDLER.

25. In a shock absorber, a frame plate,a

drum thereupon, a'strap trained over the drum, a cover engaging theframe plate, said cover having an opening forthe strap and a bootcovering said opening, said boot comprising a tubular flexible memberhaving flanges secured to the frame plate about the edges of the coverand having a restricted outlet, said strap passing freely through therestricted outlet of the tubular extension.

26. In combination, a curved rectangular frame, a flexible boot havingflanges engaging said frame and a tubular extension, and a flatreenforcing spring connected tothe tubular extension longitudinallythereof to stiffen the same endwise, but permitting lat eral movementthereof.

27. A. boot for shock absorbers of the strap type comprising a hollowbody of rubber of generally trumpet shape and consisting the sides of acover member, and a body tapering down to a neck and having an outlet ofa size and shape to fit closely about a tening of substantially uniformthickness sion member, and a flat reenforcing spring secured along theside of the body toistiflen the same endWise and to holdthe hollow bodyin open position for the passage of a tension member.

28. A spring anchor comprising a tubular.

sleeve having longitudinal corrugations along a portion of its'length,an integral hollow flanged polygonal head and a circular cylindricalportion intermediate the head and the corrugated portion, said anchorbethroughout.

